# Biomimetics

> Biomimetics draws inspiration from biological structures, processes, and systems to develop novel materials, surfaces, devices, and robots. Nature's evolutionary R&D has produced solutions to engineering challenges including self-cleaning lotus surfaces, structural colour in butterfly wings, ultra-strong spider silk, drag-reducing shark-skin riblets, and the remarkable adhesion of gecko feet. Researchers translate these into functional technologies spanning bioinspired materials such as hierarchical composites and self-healing polymers, functional surfaces including superhydrophobic and anti-fouling coatings, soft robotics inspired by cephalopods and caterpillars, and sensor systems modelled on insect compound eyes or fish lateral line mechanoreception. Key experimental tools include scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, 3D bioprinting, and nanofabrication techniques. Computational methods informed by finite element analysis and topology optimisation guide design. Funding sources include DARPA for bioinspired robotics and materials, NSF, the EU EIC Pathfinder programme, and aerospace and defence industries.

*Source: [https://selltoscientists.com/fields/biomimetics/](https://selltoscientists.com/fields/biomimetics/)*

**Researcher count:** 8,500
**Average funding:** $330,000/year

## Subfields

- bioinspired materials
- structural colour
- gecko adhesion
- lotus effect surfaces
- bioinspired robotics

## Key technologies

- electron microscopy
- 3D bio-printing
- atomic force microscopy
- computational modelling
- nanofabrication

## Top institutions

- Harvard Wyss Institute
- MIT
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- University of Akron
- KAIST

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